• Aerodrome - a device used by beekeepers while shaking out bees. Helps bees enter the hive from the ground
• Bribe - the amount of honey brought by bees in 1 day
• Voshchina - a thin plate of wax inserted into the frame by the beekeeper in order to make it easier for the bees to build honeycombs. "Foundation" of the future sushi
• Smoker - a device used to pacify bees with smoke
• Zabrus - honey mixed with wax caps of honeycombs to be further processed
• Winter club - the state of the bee colony during winter, when the bees do not sleep, but are in a less mobile state, clinging to each other, maintaining vitality and warmth.
• A deck (it’s also a board) is a beehive used in ancient times to keep bees. It is a hollow tree trunk
• Shop - the body of the hive, which is placed on top. The bees fill it exclusively with honey.
• Honey extractor - a device for pumping honey. Thanks to centrifugal force, honey is pumped out of the honeycomb
• Honey collection - the period of honey collection by bees. There is a main, supporting, etc. The main one - when the bees bring the most bribe (honey)
• Spray - nectar that bees put in honeycombs, fermented and dried to turn it into honey
• Nucleus - a small hive that serves to contain a certain number of bees and a young queen until it is fertilized. It is used in the reproduction of families and in breeding
• Obnozhka - a collection of pollen collected by a bee on its hind legs
• Signet - a way of covering honeycombs with bees. It differs in different breeds, it is wet and dry, depending on whether the honey touches the wax caps or not.
• PZHVM - a waste product of the wax moth
• A bee colony is a structural unit of a bee society. Honey bees live only in families. The family includes worker bees, drones and only one queen.
• Pollen is a collection of pollen grains from seed plants.
• Pollen collector (pollen trap) - a device for collecting pollen from honey bees
• The buildup is jarg. The period of pumping honey from the frames by the beekeeper
• Printout - removal of wax caps from cells of combs for the removal of honey in centrifuges-honey extractors
• Brood - eggs, open or wax capped larvae of worker bees and drones
• PP - dividing grid, serves to limit the movement of the uterus in cases and magazines
• Dryness - a frame with lined honeycombs. The name comes from the fact that the frames, after pumping honey, are usually dried indoors.
• A drone is a male insect whose vital task is to fertilize a young uterus.
• SCM - silent queen change - the natural replacement of the old queen with a new one by bees, occurring without swarming,
• Street - the distance between 2 frames. The concept is used when buying and selling frame bee packages or hives, when they indicate how many streets are occupied by bees. The frames in the package are always 1 less than the streets

• "How to cure a child with honey / Glotov A.V., Krivtsova L.A., Molostova V.V., Reutsky I.V. - M.: Eksmo, 2011. -352s."
• "Apitherapy. / Khismatullina N.3. - Perm: Mobile, 2005. - 296 p."
• "Apitherapy: beekeeping products in the world of medicine. / Omarov Sh.M. - Rostov n / D: Phoenix, 2009. - 351 p."
• "Treatment with beeswax. / Lavrenyov V.K. - M.: LLC ”AST Publishing House” - Donetsk:; Stalker, 2004. - 45 p."

From a technical point of view, wax refers to various natural or artificially produced substances that can be hard, ductile or brittle, and begin to melt at temperatures above 40 0 ​​C.There are 3 types of wax: animal, mineral and vegetable. Animal wax comes mainly from bees. The mineral is mined, and also obtained from oil, paraffin. Vegetable wax is scraped off leaves or other parts of plants. From a chemical point of view, we are talking about the combination of fatty acid esters with polyhydric alcohols. Natural wax, which is beeswax, most often contains a small amount of acids, hydrocarbons, sterol and other substances. Wax has long been used primarily to make scented candles, to close wounds, for skin conditions and for cosmetic purposes, and as a chewing wax for internal use. This use of wax is due to the fact that it also contains propolis and a lot of "skin" vitamin A, as well as a number of other substances that can also be therapeutically active.

Origin of wax

Wax is a product of the wax glands of bees. From the age of 12 days, the flying bee, which has stopped producing royal jelly, eats nectar, pollen and begins to produce wax. Wax is formed in special glands located in pairs on the ventral side, is secreted through the smallest pores of wax "mirrors" and on their surface turns into hard wax plates, each of which weighs from 0.18 to 0.25 mg. The process of production of wax by a bee is very complex and requires the presence of a sufficient amount of enzymes in the body. The bee family receives from 0.5 to 2.0 kg of wax per season and uses it to build combs and equip their homes. The wax is dissolved by the secretion of the maxillary glands, so there are no seams in the cells.

Newly built combs are light yellow in color and are 85-100% wax. Over time, the color of the honeycombs changes, after a year or two they darken down to dark brown. At the same time, the size of the cells changes, they become smaller in volume, and the amount of wax in the honeycomb is reduced to 50-60%. The brood in these combs matures small, the strength of the family falls. Such honeycombs are discarded and used for the production of commercial wax.

Before eggs or nectar are laid in the honeycomb cells, they are polished with propolis, beeswax always contains propolis.

Physical and organoleptic properties of wax

Wax is a dense substance. After the honeycomb melts, it acquires a homogeneous solid mass. Its color depends on the color of the melted honeycombs, it can be yellow, greenish, red, white and even black. The color of the combs to a certain extent depends on the type of pollen that the young bees fed on. The color and other qualities of commercial wax also depend on the way it is processed. There are 4 types of wax:

bee wax - it is melted or pressed by a press directly in the apiary, it is classified as one of the best varieties;

press wax - it is produced industrially using screw and hydraulic presses, its quality depends on the type of raw materials and technical equipment;

extraction wax- it is obtained from raw materials by extraction with gasoline, has an unpleasant odor, excessive softness, a significant admixture of fats and resins, it is used for technical purposes;

bleached wax - it is obtained either by bleaching in the sun or by chemical means, it has increased hardness and brittleness for fracture, it is used in industry.

Fresh honeycomb wax is more often almost white or creamy in color. This wax is highly valued.

Wax density 0.95-0.96 g/cm3, so it floats easily in water. The melting point varies from 62 to 68°C. Refractory wax is considered the highest quality. Remelting wax at a higher temperature promotes the formation of "wax oil", which is used in traditional medicine in the treatment of skin diseases.

Natural beeswax has a crystalline structure, at the break, it is homogeneous and granular, and has a pleasant honey smell, which intensifies when heated. The smell of wax is pleasant - honey-propolis or honey. At a temperature of 47, its normal structure is destroyed.

Waxes obtained from high quality raw materials are tasteless or have a peculiar faint aftertaste. The taste of wax is specific, a bit like the taste of honey and propolis. It chews well, becomes plastic in the mouth, does not stick to the teeth.

Beeswax is an inert material, with high plasticity at a temperature of 32 ° C. Pieces of wax are easily kneaded by fingers.

Beeswax is solid at room temperature. The wax ingot has a flat, slightly concave surface. When struck with a hammer or when dropped, the ingot easily breaks into pieces.

When heated and cooled, a thin layer of wax does not crack.

Wax burns with a luminous flame without residue and soot, which is why it is preferred to be used in temples. When heated, the wax transforms into a plastic mass that sticks to the fingers.

Wax is very resistant to external influences, well preserved for hundreds of years, almost without changing their properties. With prolonged storage, a grayish-white coating forms on its surface, which is a sign of the purity of the wax. This plaque disappears when heated to a temperature of +35...40°C. There is a case when wax lay in the ground for 1100 years and did not change in terms of physico-chemical parameters. Storage conditions - dry, dark and cool room. Wax does not lose color and flavor when placed in stainless steel, glass or plastic containers wrapped in wrapping paper.

The quality of the wax is determined by the acid number (16.7-29.6), saponification number (87.8-107), essential number (66-82), iodine number and the ratio of essential and acid numbers (3.5-3.9 ).

Natural beeswax has pronounced hydrophobic (insoluble in water; from the Greek "hydro" - water, and "phobos" - fear) properties It is absolutely insoluble in water, it is also insoluble in glycerol, at room temperature it is completely insoluble in any of the organic solvents. Above the melting point, the wax dissolves in gasoline, benzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and carbon disulfide. At the boiling point, the wax dissolves in ethyl alcohol.

Wax adulteration is possible. In such cases, the wax is mixed with easily accessible paraffin, less often with rosin, stearin and ceresin. These additives give the mixture new qualities, a new smell and taste. If an ingot of wax contains paraffin, then its surface acquires a concave shape, from a blow with a hammer only a dent with light edges is formed in it, large crystals are visible on the section of the ingot, the cut will be shiny, smooth, the wax becomes more brittle, the chips made by the knife crumble, when smearing a piece of such wax, fat is felt. When chewing a piece of the mixture, it easily sticks to the teeth, and in water it quickly sinks.

The chemical composition of the wax

Beeswax is a multi-component product containing over 300 substances. In chemical composition, it is similar to fats, but much richer than them. The main component of wax is esters.

Beeswax contains a small amount of water (0.1 to 2.5%), carotenoids (12.8 mg in 100 g of wax, in 100 g of carrots - 9 mg), coloring, aromatic and mineral substances, as well as impurities - shells of larvae, propolis, pollen, antibiotic substances, etc. Triterpenes (squalene and lanosterol), sterols (cholesterol and its esters) and substances that increase growth are isolated and identified in it plants, such as myricyl alcohol (myricil), gibberellin GA3 (gibberellin) and rapeseed oil steroid.

According to beeswax, it consists of four groups of organic compounds, each of which contains several components:

• saturated hydrocarbons- 10.5÷13.5%;
• free fatty acids- 13.5÷14.5%;
• free fatty alcohols- 1÷1.25%;
• esters of higher fatty acids and higher fatty alcohols - 72.9%.

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons are considered the basic compounds of organic chemistry, all other organic compounds are considered as their derivatives. Limit hydrocarbons (alkanes) are saturated hydrocarbons and contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms. General formula Cn H2n+2 . The word "alkane" is of the same origin as "alcohol". The obsolete term "paraffin". Chemically inert, insoluble in water.

Fatty acids and glycerol are the main constituents of animal and vegetable fats. Fatty alcohol is a dense matte substance that looks like paraffin. For the first time in history, the highest fatty alcohol was isolated by the French chemist Chevrel from the head fat of a sperm whale. Esters of higher fatty acids and higher fatty alcohols- waxy substances, odorless, insoluble in water.

The basis of beeswax is esters (up to 75%) formed by palmitic, neocerotinic, and mellisic acids, ceryl and melissin alcohols. A large number of esters protect the wax from entering into chemical reactions with other substances. That is why it can persist for many years, even hundreds of years. In addition, the wax contains cerotinic, montanic and oleic acids, ceryl and montanic alcohols. Cerotinic and melissanic acids are the most active part of the wax; they can react with most metals as well as alkalis.

When free fatty acids of wax interact with some metals, colored salts are formed. So, when in contact with iron, the wax becomes brown in color; copper colors the wax green; zinc, dissolving in wax, acquires a dirty gray color.

In wax, only 21 compounds are present in amounts greater than 1%, which is 56% of the wax. The other 44% are various compounds that probably give the wax its characteristic malleability and low melting point.

Groups of compounds in beeswax.

Application in industry

Wax is widely used in modern industry; electrical engineers, polygraphs, and woodworkers cannot do without it. Wax is used in foundry, leather production, food, glass, automotive and aviation industries, in the manufacture of many medicines. The perfume industry cannot do without it, it is part of creams, lipsticks, mascaras, nourishing creams, deodorants, hydrophobic ointments and creams that protect the skin from exposure to water, saline solutions, acids, alkalis. With the help of petroleum ether, a special fragrant essential oil is obtained from wax, which is used in the production of perfumes. One ton of wax gives 5 kg of this ether. In terms of its qualities, it is not inferior to such expensive oils as rose and jasmine.

Mankind has been using wax for their needs since ancient times. Candles were made from it to illuminate dwellings and temples. It was used to embalm corpses. Later they began to make dummies, busts, wax figures. Wax is part of the paints for painting, both in the distant past and now. In the early days of gramophone recordings, wax was also used. Thanks to this, we can now hear the voices of Leo Tolstoy, Chaliapin, Blok, Mayakovsky, Kachalov, Sobinov and others. Wax is still used in the manufacture of anatomical preparations and models for teaching students of medical schools.

Many people know about the benefits of honey. But the bee apiary is not only famous for it: bee workers, in addition to this product, produce many other useful things. And today we will talk about one of them - beeswax.

What do we know about this product? The first thing that comes to mind is church candles. In fact, fragrant natural beeswax with a unique chemical composition is used everywhere: in industry, in everyday life, in cosmetology and medicine.

Beeswax is an amazing product of natural origin. Despite all attempts, a person has not yet been able to create a synthetic analogue of beeswax, which would be able to influence human health as actively as a product produced by bees.

Bees need wax to build honeycombs, where they then carefully store nectar. But this is not limited to the scope of beeswax. The remarkable properties of this unique product have found application in many areas of the national economy and at home.

How is wax obtained?

Wax is produced mainly by young bees from the age of twelve. By this time, they stop secreting royal jelly and actively eat pollen and nectar. In order for a bee to be able to produce wax, its body must contain enough enzymes.

In special glands (located on the abdomen of insects), wax is formed, which begins to stand out in small drops through the pores. During the season, a family of bees can produce up to 3 kilograms of wax and use it to equip their hive and build honeycombs.

Newly built honeycombs are 85-100% wax. Cells of honeycombs before laying nectar or eggs in them are polished with propolis, due to which the wax is also enriched with propolis and acquires a yellowish tint.

After a couple of years, the color of the wax combs changes (they acquire darker brown shades), and the cells decrease in volume. This affects both the wax content in the combs (its amount decreases to 40-60%) and the quality of the brood, which becomes smaller, and the bee colony gradually loses its strength. Honeycombs that have served their time are discarded, and marketable wax is produced from them.

Pure wax is obtained by the method (or by pressing) directly in the apiary from old combs, cut wax caps, wax superstructures, the remains of various non-wax substances in the hive (the remaining cocoons after the brood exits from the cells, bee bread, feces of larvae, residues in honey cells). To remove all the dirt and get high-quality wax, the resulting raw material is melted and then filtered more than once. Then the wax, frozen in the form, is removed and used for its intended purpose.

Read also: How to make beeswax candles at home?

Wax obtained directly from the apiary is considered the best. Its other types (depending on the method of processing and the quality of the feedstock) are inferior to it in terms of properties and quality:

• press wax, which is obtained industrially;
• extraction wax (gasoline extraction), which is too soft, smells bad, with a high content of resins and fats, it is most often used in the chemical industry;
• bleached wax (the bleaching process occurs either chemically or naturally - in the sun), very hard, but brittle to break, used in industry. Pure white wax is rare in nature. More often it is obtained artificially: it is bleached, removing all impurities in an industrial way and at the same time destroying the useful substances contained in it.

Wax characteristics

Natural beeswax is a dense substance with a crystalline structure (granular and homogeneous at the break). At room temperature, it is solid, but when the temperature rises, it becomes plastic and easily kneaded in the hands.

The quality of the wax depends on the melting point (the higher this value, the better). Refractory wax is valued more and it is it that is more often used in folk medicine.

When burning, wax does not emit soot (this property allows it to be used in the manufacture of candles for churches and temples).

Wax can be stored for a long time in a cool, dry place, completely retaining its properties. And in a glass vessel with a tight lid, its aroma and color will remain unchanged for a long time.

Natural wax is absolutely insoluble in glycerin, in water and slightly soluble in ethyl alcohol. When heated, it dissolves well in essential and fatty oils, gasoline, carbon disulfide, turpentine.

When interacting with metals, the color and quality of the wax may change. It is not recommended to use metal utensils for melting it.

Fresh honeycomb wax is light in color (creamy or almost white). He is valued the most. Later, under the influence of substances containing propolis, it turns yellow.

Wax in combs that have served for more than one year gradually darkens, acquiring dark yellow, brown shades and even black. The darker the honeycombs, the less wax they contain. Also, the color of the wax is affected by dyes found in propolis and pollen, partially contained in it.

Wax composition

In the composition of beeswax, according to scientists, there are more than 300 active substances and chemical compounds. The most important of them are esters (the main component of this product), saturated hydrocarbons, a small amount of water, free fatty alcohols and acids, carotenoids, aromatic, mineral and coloring substances, vitamins, impurities in the form of residues of larvae, propolis, pollen.

In chemical composition, it is similar to fats, but more complex. Esters, the content of which reaches up to 75% in it, protect the wax from chemical reactions in contact with other substances, which provides this substance with such a long shelf life. Wax in excellent condition, retaining its qualities, was found even in the ancient pyramids of Egypt.

Read also: DIY beeswax lip balm

What is the benefit of beeswax?

Wax is one of the important products in the apiary. This is partly due to the fact that it is mined in small quantities. But this is not the only reason why it is so valuable. Its healing properties have long been studied by our ancestors. Although today the exact composition and its properties are not fully understood. And we often use beeswax at home, using old recipes that were inherited from our ancestors.

So where and how can beeswax be used?

In creativity and in everyday life

In ancient Egypt, wax was necessary for sacrifices and for the burials of the nobility. And wooden boards covered with a layer of wax were used by our ancestors for writing long before the invention of paper.

For centuries, candles have been made from wax to illuminate churches and dwellings. It is used as part of ski wax, as part of cement for gluing plaster and marble, in mastic for grafting trees, in special pencils to draw on glass.

Artists have long (and still) paint with wax paints, which are distinguished by great strength and beautiful shine. This is confirmed by findings during archaeological excavations and literary sources. Wax is also used in the creation of sculptures and in children's art.

In industry and national economy

Wax is a raw material for many industries. It is used in electrical engineering, foundry, textile, aviation, perfumery, automotive, pharmaceutical, paint and varnish, printing, chemical industries and other fields.

Folk and traditional medicine

It is simply impossible to imagine traditional medicine without prescriptions based on beeswax. The healing properties of this bee product, which contains wax, perga, pollen and propolis, make it possible to use it in medicine to nourish the skin, hair and nails, heal various skin lesions, relieve inflammation, relieve pain in rheumatism and arthritis.

This natural natural antibiotic with bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties is an excellent remedy for colds. It is used as a natural antidepressant, to strengthen the immune system, to improve metabolism.

The legendary doctors of antiquity: Avicenna, Pliny, Hippocrates - did not ignore beeswax.

So, the eminent physician of the Middle Ages, Avicenna, recommended using this product for nursing mothers to increase milk lactation and as an expectorant and emollient for coughs and sore throats.

Hippocrates suggested that patients with angina apply warm wax compresses to their chest and neck.

The scientist of Ancient Rome Pliny noted that fresh wax is considered the most useful. After studying its properties, he found that this product is able to draw out infection from wounds and heal various injuries and skin diseases, as well as warm, soften and promote skin renewal.

Such qualities of wax as elasticity, plasticity, softness, insolubility in water, low melting point, make beeswax one of the indispensable components for many pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations that are prepared on its basis - these are all kinds of ointments, warming dressings, patches.

Wax is a simple compound used in the manufacture of candles, honeycombs, and cosmetic products. You can cook it yourself and use it at a convenient time for yourself, because this necessary composition is not always in the house. A variety of crafts and figurines are made from wax - it is only important to show imagination and study the question of how to make wax yourself.

How to make wax?

Do-it-yourself wax preparation

For cosmetic purposes, self-prepared wax is suitable. It is made from sugar and lemon juice in proportion - one lemon per pound of bulk product.

So how do you make wax at home using just these two products? Here the following actions are carried out:

1. Sugar is poured into a saucepan and put on a small fire.
2. Gently stirring the composition, it is necessary to pour the juice of one lemon into it.
3. You may need less juice, you need to monitor the state of sugar.
4. As soon as the mass of a thick consistency acquires a characteristic brown tint, remove the pan from the heat.

The resulting mixture is used hot for epilation or a newfangled introduction - shugaring. The composition should also be used in the manufacture of various candles and other figurines, but only as it hardens. If there are special forms in the question presented, there will be no problems - the liquid is simply poured into the prepared form.

How easy is it to make wax?

As simple methods for preparing wax, you should use ready-made wax objects - candles, honeycombs, wax pencils and other products. The easiest way to quickly make wax is to make a composition of candles.

• Here you need to use ordinary candles (you can use church ones).
• Break them into several pieces and remove the wick - it is quite difficult to find it in a liquid composition.
• The resulting wax pieces are placed in a saucepan and heated over low heat to a liquid consistency.
• In the future, such material is used only in the manufacture of figures and molds.
• You should not resort to hair removal or any other cosmetic procedures, since paraffin or other auxiliary chemicals are often present in such formulations.
• Their effects on the skin can be dangerous.

Do not look for difficult ways - if there are wax objects, use them immediately. In the case of the intended cosmetic procedure, use sugar and lemon juice.

Wax for bees is a tool for building their homes, honeycombs. But for humans, this product has become much more widespread - primarily in the treatment of various dermatological diseases.

In this article, we have prepared the most common questions about beeswax. And the beekeeper with more than 20 years of experience will answer them in detail.

What is wax made of?

The composition of wax is unusually complex. Most of it is occupied by esters - about 75%. The product also contains: hydrocarbons, fatty acids, water, aromatic substances, minerals, alcohols, carotenoids, vitamins. In addition, natural wax may contain minor impurities and other bee products: honey, pollen, propolis, etc.

You can buy wax directly from our apiary "Svіy honey":

How do beekeepers get wax?

As a raw material for processing, beekeepers use various trimmings that remain in the process of working in the apiary: deformed honeycombs, empty cells, cut bark, etc. Further, beeswax is processed in one of the following ways:

• with the help of a solar wax melter - melting of wax under the influence of direct sunlight (the so-called “wax-droplet”)
• with the help of a steam wax melter - melting of wax in a special design under the influence of a large amount of steam
• with the help of a water wax melter - “digesting” the wax in a large amount of water

The best option is to process the product using a steam wax melter. The process takes less time than with other methods. In addition, it allows you to process the maximum amount of natural wax without waste.

Why does wax come in different colors?

The color of beeswax can vary from white to dark brown. This does not indicate the level of its quality - it all depends on the composition of the product and the method of its processing. For example, a wax high in propolis will be darker in color. And the product processed under ultraviolet rays will become lighter every day.

Related article: Wax for wood, leather and fabric: non-standard use of bee product

How to choose a quality product?

There are several factors that will help you distinguish a high-quality natural product from a fake with impurities:

• color - wax can be white, yellow, greenish, brown.
• smell - rich honey aroma.
• the texture is homogeneous and dense, the wax is very difficult to break in the hands without the help of a knife or foreign objects. And if you run a knife over the surface - it does not crumble, but stretches with whole chips.

The quality of the wax is easy to check when melted. A product with impurities will change color or delaminate.

What is the benefit of beeswax?

There are several uses for bee wax:

• otolaryngology - contributes to the treatment of bronchitis, rhinitis, otitis media, sinusitis, tracheitis and other similar diseases.
• dentistry - helps to cleanse the oral cavity, reduces tooth sensitivity, relieves inflammation of the gums, helps with periodontal disease, periodontitis, stomatitis.
• gynecology - helps to relieve inflammation in gynecological diseases.
• dermatology - disinfects, relieves inflammation, promotes tissue regeneration, has an anesthetic effect, moisturizes.

Can you eat wax?

Wax is not processed by the human body, so it does not make sense to use it for food. It can be chewed for several minutes and spit out. But, if you accidentally swallowed a piece (for example, along with honeycombs), do not worry, the product will come out naturally.

How to use at home?

The product is for external use only. Depending on the focus of the disease, you can use it in one of the following ways:

• in its pure form - chew for 10-15 minutes or apply to a sore spot.
• as an ointment - mix melted wax with propolis, as well as petroleum jelly or butter. Grind until smooth. Apply in a thick ball to the affected areas of the body.
• as a mask - melt the wax and add a few drops of essential oils (depending on the effect you want to achieve). Take a small amount of the mask, rub in your hands and apply to the skin or hair.
• like rectal suppositories - pour the melted wax into the appropriate molds and freeze. Administer rectally and leave for 30 minutes.

Wax can also be used for hair removal at home.

Related article: Waxing at home: flawless smoothness

Are there any contraindications?

The only contraindication is individual intolerance to bee products. You can do a small test in advance to check if you have any allergies: apply a small piece of the product to the skin in the wrist area and hold for a few minutes. If during this time you do not have redness, rash, itching or other signs of allergy, you can safely use the product.

How to store wax?

Beeswax is unpretentious in matters of storage. The only caveat is that it is not recommended to keep it near products with an excessively intense aroma, since wax easily absorbs odors. Also, beekeepers advise using more environmentally friendly storage containers: paper bags, glass jars, linen bags, etc.

Related article: How to store bee products: instructions and expiration dates

Video "What is wax and how to apply it"