GOST R 55973-2014

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Food additives

CALCIUM CHLORIDE E509

Specifications

food additives. Calcium chloride. technical requirements

OKS 67.220.20
OKP 91 9940

Introduction date 2015-07-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Moscow State University of Food Production" of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (FGBOU VPO "MGUPP") and the Center for Certification and Standardization of Foodstuffs JSC "Academcertificat"

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 154 "Food Additives and Flavorings"

3 APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated March 17, 2014 N 163-st

4 This standard takes into account the normative provisions of the following international standard and documents:

- Unified Standard for Food Additives CODEX STAN 192-1995* (as amended in 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003-2011) of the Codex Alimentarius Commission;
________________
* Access to international and foreign documents mentioned in the text can be obtained by contacting the User Support Service. - Database manufacturer's note.

- Specification of the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (as amended in 2007) according to the Combined compendium of food additive specifications JECFA. Volume 4 (FAO, Rome, 2011)

5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME


The rules for the application of this standard are set out in GOST R 1.0-2012 (section 8). Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year) information index "National Standards", and the official text of changes and amendments - in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the next issue of the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (gost.ru)

1 area of ​​use

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to a food additive - calcium chloride (international food additive number INS No. 509, international chemical classification number CAS 10043-52-4, food additive number according to the European Union regulation E509), used in the production of food products in accordance with (hereinafter - food calcium chloride).

Note - Edible calcium chloride is used as a stabilizer, structurant, hardener, thickener, food functional ingredient in the production of food products, including functional foods, baby food and healthy food.


Requirements to ensure the quality and safety of food calcium chloride are given in 3.1.2-3.1.5, for labeling - in 3.4.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following standards:

GOST 8.579-2002 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Requirements for the quantity of packaged goods in packages of any kind during their production, packaging, sale and import

GOST 12.1.005-88 System of labor safety standards. General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area

GOST 12.3.002-75 Occupational safety standards system. Manufacturing processes. General safety requirements

GOST 12.4.011-89 System of labor safety standards. Means of protection for workers. General requirements and classification

GOST 61-75 Reagents. Acetic acid. Specifications

GOST 450-77 Technical calcium chloride. Specifications

GOST 857-95 Hydrochloric acid synthetic technical. Specifications

GOST 1277-75 Reagents. Silver nitrate. Specifications

GOST 1770-74 (ISO 1042-83, ISO 4788-80) Measuring laboratory glassware. Cylinders, beakers, flasks, test tubes. General specifications

GOST 3118-77 Reagents. Hydrochloric acid. Specifications

GOST 3760-79 Reagents. Ammonia water. Specifications

GOST 4386-89 Drinking water. Methods for determining the mass concentration of fluorides

GOST 4461-77 Reagents. Nitric acid. Specifications

GOST 5712-78 Reagents. Ammonium oxalate 1-aqueous. Specifications

GOST 6709-72 Distilled water. Specifications

GOST 6825-91 Fluorescent tubular lamps for general lighting

GOST 9262-77 Reagents. calcium hydroxide. Specifications

GOST 14192-96 Marking of goods

GOST 14261-77 High purity hydrochloric acid. Specifications

GOST 15846-2002 Products shipped to the Far North and equivalent areas. Packaging, marking, transportation and storage

GOST 18300-87 Rectified technical ethyl alcohol. Specifications

GOST OIML R 76-1-2011 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Non-automatic scales. Part 1. Metrological and technical requirements. Tests

GOST 25336-82 Laboratory glassware and equipment. Types, basic parameters and dimensions

GOST 26726-85 Reagents. Flame photometric method for determination of sodium, potassium, calcium and strontium impurities

GOST 26927-86 Food raw materials and products. Methods for the determination of mercury

GOST 27752-88 Electronic-mechanical quartz desktop, wall and alarm clocks. General specifications

GOST 28498-90 Liquid glass thermometers. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST 29169-91 (ISO 648-77) Laboratory glassware. Pipettes with one mark

GOST 29227-91 (ISO 835-1-81) Laboratory glassware. Pipettes graduated. Part 1. General requirements

GOST 29251-91 (ISO 385-1-84) Laboratory glassware. Burettes. Part 1. General requirements

GOST 30178-96 Food raw materials and products. Atomic absorption method for the determination of toxic elements

GOST R ISO 2859-1-2007 Statistical methods. Procedures for selective control on an alternative basis. Part 1: Sampling plans for successive lots based on acceptable quality levels

GOST R 51766-2001 Food raw materials and products. Atomic absorption method for the determination of arsenic

3 Technical requirements

3.1 Characteristics

3.1.1 Food additive E509 is solid crystals, granules or agglomerates. Chemical formulas: calcium chloride anhydrous form; calcium chloride dihydrate; calcium chloride hexahydrate. Molecular weight: calcium chloride anhydrous form - 110.99; calcium chloride dihydrate - 147.02; calcium chloride hexahydrate - 219.08.

3.1.2 Food calcium chloride is produced according to the technological instructions in accordance with the requirements of this standard and is used in food products in accordance with,.

3.1.3 In terms of organoleptic characteristics and solubility, all types of edible calcium chloride (anhydrous form, dihydrate and hexahydrate) must comply with the requirements given in table 1.


Table 1

Name of indicator		Characteristic
Appearance	Anhydrous form	Solid hygroscopic granules or agglomerates. Highly soluble in water and ethyl alcohol
	dihydrate	Solid fragments, flakes or granules. Highly soluble in water and ethyl alcohol
	Hexahydrate	hard crystals. Very soluble in water and ethyl alcohol
	Anhydrous form and dihydrate	White to pale pink
	Hexahydrate	Colorless
		Characteristic mild
		From bitter to salty

3.1.4 In terms of physical and chemical parameters, food grade calcium chloride must meet the requirements given in Table 2.


table 2

Name of indicator		Indicator value
Mass fraction of calcium chloride, %, not less than	Anhydrous form ()
	Dihydrate ()
	Hexahydrate ()
Mass fraction of magnesium salts (based on),%, no more
Mass fraction of water-insoluble residue, %, max
Mass fraction of free alkali (calculated as Ca(OH)), %, max	Anhydrous form (), dihydrate () and hexahydrate ()
Mass fraction of sulfates (per sulfate ion), %, max
Mass fraction of iron, %, no more
Mass fraction of alkali metals (potassium and sodium), %, max
Qualitative calcium test		Corresponds
Qualitative test for chlorides		Corresponds

3.2 Requirements for raw materials

3.2.1 For the production of edible calcium chloride, the following raw materials, technological means and auxiliary materials are used:

- technical calcium chloride according to GOST 450;

- hydrochloric acid according to GOST 857;

- hydrochloric acid according to GOST 3118;

- hydrochloric acid of special purity according to GOST 14261;

- technological means (substances) and auxiliary materials commonly used in the production of chemical products for food purposes.

It is not allowed to use liquid calcium chloride obtained in the production of soda ash as a raw material.

3.2.2 Raw materials, technological means (substances), auxiliary materials and production processes must ensure the quality and safety of edible calcium chloride and its full compliance with the requirements of this standard.

3.3 Packaging

3.3.1 Edible calcium chloride with a net weight of not more than 25 kg is packed in polyethylene (or propylene) bags or soft containers intended for food packaging.

3.3.2 It is allowed to use other types of packaging made from materials, the use of which in contact with edible calcium chloride ensures the preservation of its quality and safety in accordance with, as well as full compliance with the requirements during the entire shelf life, subject to the storage and use conditions established by the manufacturer .

3.3.3 The negative deviation of the net weight from the nominal weight of each packaging unit must comply with the requirements of GOST 8.579 (Table A.2). The positive deviation of the net weight is not limited.

3.3.4 Edible calcium chloride supplied to the Far North and equivalent regions is packaged in accordance with GOST 15846.

3.4 Marking

3.4.1 Labeling of packaging units with edible calcium chloride should be carried out in accordance with the requirements and.

3.4.2 Transport marking must comply with the requirements and requirements of GOST 14192 with the application of handling marks: "Protect from moisture" and "Protect from sunlight".

4 Safety requirements

4.1 Food grade calcium chloride is non-toxic, fire and explosion proof.

4.2 When working with food calcium chloride, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment in accordance with GOST 12.4.011 and follow the rules of personal hygiene.

4.3 In the production of edible calcium chloride, it is necessary to comply with the safety requirements in accordance with GOST 12.3.002.

4.4 Air control of the working area is carried out in accordance with GOST 12.1.005.

5 Acceptance rules

5.1 Dietary calcium chloride is taken in batches.

A batch is considered the amount of food calcium chloride obtained in one technological cycle corresponding to shift production, in the same packaging, produced by one manufacturer according to one document, accompanied by shipping documentation that ensures product traceability.

5.2 To check the compliance of edible calcium chloride with the requirements of this standard, acceptance tests are carried out for the quality of packaging, correct labeling, net weight, and periodic tests are carried out for organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators.

5.3 When conducting acceptance tests, a single-stage sampling plan is used with normal control and a special control level S-4 with an acceptable quality level AQL equal to 6.5, according to GOST R ISO 2859-1. The sampling of packaging units is carried out by random selection in accordance with table 3.


Table 3 - Random selection of packaging units

Number of packaging units in a batch, pcs.	Sample size, pcs.	acceptance number	Rejection clean
From 2 to 15 incl.
From 16 to 25 incl.
From 26 to 90 incl.
From 91 to 150 incl.
From 151 to 500 incl.
From 501 to 1200 incl.
From 1201 to 10000 incl.
From 10001 to 35000 incl.

5.4 The quality control of the packaging and the correctness of the labeling is carried out by an external inspection of all packaging units included in the sample.

5.5 The control of the net weight of edible calcium chloride in each packaging unit included in the sample is carried out by the difference between the gross mass and the mass of the packaging unit, freed from the contents. The limit of permissible negative deviations from the nominal net weight of edible calcium chloride in each packaging unit - according to 3.3.3.

5.6 Acceptance of a batch of edible calcium chloride in terms of net weight, quality of packaging and correct labeling of packaging units

5.6.1 The batch is accepted if the number of packaging units in the sample that do not meet the requirements for packaging quality, correct labeling and net weight of edible calcium chloride is less than or equal to the acceptance number.

5.6.2 If the number of packaging units in the sample that do not meet the requirements for the quality of packaging, correct labeling and net weight of edible calcium chloride is greater than or equal to the rejection number, control is carried out on a double sample size from the same lot. The lot is accepted if the conditions of 5.6.1 are met. A batch is rejected if the number of packaging units in twice the sample size that do not meet the requirements for packaging quality, correct labeling and net weight of edible calcium chloride is greater than or equal to the rejection number.

5.7 Acceptance of a batch of edible calcium chloride in terms of organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters

5.7.1 To control the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters, from each packaging unit included in the sample in accordance with the requirements of Table 4, instantaneous sampling is carried out and a total sample is compiled according to 6.1.

5.7.2 If unsatisfactory results are obtained for at least one of the organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators, repeated tests are carried out for this indicator on a double sample size from the same batch. The retest results are final and apply to the entire batch. Upon repeated receipt of unsatisfactory test results, the batch is rejected.

5.7.3 The organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of edible calcium chloride in damaged packaging are checked separately. The test results apply only to food grade calcium chloride in this package.

5.8 The procedure and frequency of control of indicators that ensure safety is established by the manufacturer in the production control program.

6 Control methods

6.1 Sampling

Spot samples from bags and soft containers are taken with a probe, immersing it to 3/4 of the depth. The mass of an incremental sample taken from a bag must be at least 0.2 kg, from a soft container - at least 0.5 kg. It is allowed to take spot samples from the manufacturer with a mass of at least 0.2 kg from five tons directly from the product stream at the time of its packaging.

The selected incremental samples are combined into a general sample, thoroughly mixed and reduced by quartering or mechanical division to an average sample weight of at least 0.5 kg.

The resulting sample is placed in a clean glass container with a ground stopper or screw cap or a plastic bag. The glass container is hermetically sealed, the plastic bag is tied.

A glass container or a plastic bag is marked (labeled) containing:

- product name and designation of this standard;

- batch number;

- date of sampling;

- Signature of the person who took the sample.

6.2 Determination of solubility

The method is based on determining the number of volume parts of distilled water or ethyl alcohol required to dissolve one mass part of the sample.

6.2.1 Measuring instruments, laboratory equipment, reagents, auxiliary materials and devices

Flask conical according to GOST 25336 with a capacity of 300 ml.

Cylinder 1-25-1 according to GOST 1770 with a capacity of 50 cm.

GOST OIML R 76-1 with the highest weighing limit of 500 g.

GOST 27752.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709.

GOST 18300 premium,.

6.2.2 Sampling

Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.2.3 Conducting analysis

The analyzed sample is placed in a conical flask, which contains a certain volume of solvent (distilled water or ethyl alcohol). The contents are stirred in a circular motion of the flask for at least 30 s, but not more than 5 min until the sample dissolves. The final result of the determination is compared with the solubility criteria for edible calcium chloride given in Table 4.


Table 4

Solubility Criteria for Edible Calcium Chloride	The number of volume parts of the solvent per one mass part of the sample
Very well soluble	Less than 1
Highly soluble	1 to 10
Soluble	10 to 30
sparingly soluble	30 to 100
Weakly soluble	Or 100 to 1000
Very slightly soluble	1000 to 10000
Insoluble	Over 10000

Edible calcium chloride must meet the following solubility criteria - "Very soluble" or "Very soluble" (see table 4).

6.3 Determination of organoleptic characteristics

The method is based on the organoleptic determination of the appearance, color, taste and smell of the sample.

6.3.1 Measuring instruments, laboratory equipment, reagents, auxiliary materials and devices

GOST 25336.

Test tube P1-21-200 XC according to GOST 25336.

GOST 29169.

Cylinder 1-25-1 according to GOST 1770.

Liquid glass thermometer with a measurement range from 0 ° C to 100 ° C, division value 1 ° C according to GOST 28498.

Electronic-mechanical clock according to GOST 27752.

A glass plate 5-10 mm thick, with an area of ​​10 cm.

Watch glass.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709.

It is allowed to use other measuring instruments with metrological characteristics, auxiliary devices and laboratory equipment with technical characteristics, reagents with quality characteristics that are not inferior to those listed above.

6.3.2 Sampling

Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.3.3 Conducting analysis

The analysis is carried out in a laboratory room, which must be provided with supply and exhaust ventilation. All analyzes are carried out in a fume hood.

6.3.3.1 Mix thoroughly before analysis to determine appearance and color. 10.0 g of the analyzed sample is transferred to a glass plate, evenly distributed in one layer. Appearance and color are determined in diffuse natural daylight or artificial light of a fluorescent lamp of the LD type according to GOST 6825. The intensity of illumination of the surface of the sample layer on the glass plate must be at least 500 lux.

6.3.3.2 To determine taste and smell, add 0.5 g of the sample to a clean 50 ml beaker and add 28.5 ml of distilled water. The contents of the beaker are thoroughly mixed until the sample is completely dissolved. The beaker was covered with a watch glass and kept at room temperature for 1 hour.

The smell is determined after exposure organoleptically at the level of the edge of the glass immediately after removing the watch glass from the glass.

Taste is determined after exposure organoleptically on the tip of the tongue.

6.4 Determination of the mass fraction of calcium chloride

6.4.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.4.2 Analysis - according to GOST 450 (clause 3.4).

6.5 Determination of the mass fraction of magnesium salts

6.5.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.5.2 Analysis - according to GOST 450 (clause 3.5).

6.6 Determination of the mass fraction of water-insoluble residue

6.6.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.6.2 Analysis - according to GOST 450 (clause 3.7).

6.7 Determination of the mass fraction of free alkali

The method is based on titration of an aqueous solution of a sample with a working solution of calcium hydroxide to the point of equivalence - a change in the color of the phenolphthalein indicator.

6.7.1 Measuring instruments, laboratory equipment, reagents, auxiliary materials and devices

General purpose laboratory scales according to GOST OIML R 76-1 with the highest weighing limit up to 200 g, 2nd accuracy class.

Glass B (N) -1-50 TC (TXC) according to GOST 25336.

Volumetric flask according to GOST 1770 with a capacity of 100 ml.

Flask conical for titration in accordance with GOST 25336 with a capacity of 250 ml.

Burette according to GOST 29251 1st class.

Pipette with one mark 1-2-2 in accordance with GOST 29169.

Cylinder 1-25-1 according to GOST 1770.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709.

Rectified technical ethyl alcohol in accordance with GOST 18300 of the highest grade,.

Hydrochloric acid according to GOST 3118

Calcium hydroxide according to GOST 9262, chemically pure or analytical grade, standard solution of molar concentration 0.02 mol/dm.

Phenolphthalein.

Indicator solution: 100 mg of phenolphthalein are dissolved in 50 ml of ethyl alcohol in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 ml. After dissolving the indicator, the volume of the solution in the flask is adjusted to the mark with ethyl alcohol.

It is allowed to use other measuring instruments with metrological characteristics, auxiliary devices and laboratory equipment with technical characteristics, reagents with quality characteristics that are not inferior to those listed above.

6.7.2 Sampling

Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.7.3 Conducting analysis

1 g of the analyzed sample is added to a 250 ml conical titration flask, 20 ml of distilled water and two drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution are added. The contents of the flask are stirred until complete dissolution of the calcium chloride sample. If the resulting solution has a pink color, 2 ml of hydrochloric acid solution of molar concentration is added to the contents of the flask, the pink color of the solution should disappear.

The sample solution in the conical flask is titrated using standard calcium hydroxide solution until the indicator turns pink again. At the same time, a blank sample is analyzed. Record the value of the volume of the standard solution of calcium hydroxide used for titration.

6.7.4 Handling results

Mass fraction of free alkali (based on),%, calculated by the formula

where is the volume of calcium hydroxide solution of molar concentration (0.02 N) used for blank titration, ;

- volume of calcium hydroxide solution of molar concentration (0.02 N) used for sample titration, cm;

0.00074 - mass of free alkali (based on), g, corresponding to 1 solution of calcium hydroxide of molar concentration (0.02 n), ;

- mass of the analyzed sample, g.

6.8 Determination of the mass fraction of sulfates

6.8.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.8.2 Analysis - according to GOST 450 (clause 3.8).

6.9 Determination of the mass fraction of iron

6.9.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.9.2 Analysis - according to GOST 450 (clause 3.6).

6.10 Determination of the mass fraction of alkali metals (potassium and sodium)

6.10.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.10.2 Conducting analysis

The analysis in the sample is carried out by the method of atomic absorption flame spectrophotometry according to GOST 26726 (Appendix 4), taking into account the following addition:

- calculation factor for sodium chloride 2.54 (for sodium);

- calculation factor for potassium chloride 1.91 (for potassium).

6.11 Qualitative calcium test

6.11.1 Measuring instruments, laboratory equipment, reagents, auxiliary materials and devices

Laboratory scales according to GOST OIML R 76-1 of medium accuracy class with the highest weighing limit of 500 g.

A set of weights according to GOST 7328 from 1 mg to 500 g of accuracy class when used with laboratory balances of medium accuracy class.
GOST 5712
Water ammonia, analytical grade, according to GOST 3760.

It is allowed to use other measuring instruments with metrological characteristics, auxiliary devices and laboratory equipment with technical characteristics, reagents with quality characteristics that are not inferior to those listed above.

6.11.2 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.11.3 Conducting a test

0.3 g of the sample is weighed in a beaker with an accuracy of the second decimal place, 50 cm3 of distilled water is poured with a 1-50-2 cylinder, stirred until the sample dissolves. Then two drops of an alcohol solution of methyl red water-soluble are added with a dropper and neutralized with a solution of aqueous ammonia until the color of the solution changes from red to yellow. After that, 10 cm3 of ammonium oxalate solution is poured with a cylinder 1-25-2. The solution with the resulting white precipitate is divided in half. 5 cm of hydrochloric acid is poured into one part of the solution with a cylinder 1-25-2 - the precipitate should dissolve. 5 cm3 of acetic acid is poured into the other part of the solution with a 1-25-2 cylinder - the precipitate will not dissolve.

6.11.4 Evaluation of results

The formation of a white precipitate, soluble in hydrochloric acid and insoluble in acetic acid, indicates the presence of calcium.

6.12 Qualitative test for chlorides

6.12.1 Reagents, measuring instruments, laboratory equipment, auxiliary materials and devices Glass B-1-100 THS 6.12.3 Conducting a test

0.3 g of the sample is weighed in a beaker with an accuracy of the second decimal place, 50 cm3 of distilled water is poured with a 1-50-2 cylinder, stirred until the sample dissolves. Then add three to four drops of an aqueous solution of silver nitrate. The solution with the formed white cheesy precipitate is divided in half. 5 cm3 of nitric acid is poured into one part of the solution with a 1-25-2 cylinder - the precipitate will not dissolve. 5 cm of aqueous ammonia is poured into the other part of the solution with a 1-25-2 cylinder - the precipitate should dissolve.

6.12.4 Evaluation of results

The formation of a white cheesy precipitate, soluble in ammonia and insoluble in nitric acid, indicates the presence of chlorides.

6.13 Determination of toxic elements

6.13.1 Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.13.2 Determination of the mass fraction of lead and cadmium - according to GOST 30178.

6.13.3 Determination of the mass fraction of arsenic - according to GOST R 51766.

6.13.4 Determination of the mass fraction of mercury - according to GOST 26927.

6.14 Determination of fluoride content

6.14.1 Sampling

Sampling - according to 6.1.

6.14.2 Sample preparation

To determine fluorides, 0.5 g of a sample is added to a clean beaker with a capacity of 50 cm 3 and 28.5 cm 3 of distilled water are added. The contents of the beaker are thoroughly mixed until the sample is completely dissolved. The beaker was covered with a watch glass and kept at room temperature for 1 hour.

6.14.3 Conducting analysis

The analysis of the fluoride content in the sample prepared according to 6.14.2 is carried out according to GOST 4386. The result of the analysis is expressed in mg/kg of the sample.

7 Transport and storage

7.1 Food calcium chloride is transported by all types of vehicles in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for each type of transport.

7.2 Edible calcium chloride is stored in hermetically sealed manufacturer's packaging in covered warehouses that exclude moisture. The area where packages and soft containers are placed must be cleared of protruding and sharp objects.

7.3 The shelf life of edible calcium chloride is not limited.

Bibliography

Technical regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 029/2012 "Safety requirements for food additives, flavors and technological aids"

Technical regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 021/2011 "On food safety"

Technical regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 005/2011 "On the safety of packaging"

Technical regulation of the Customs Union TR CU 022/2011 "Food products in terms of their labeling"

UDC 661.733.2:006.354 OKS 67.220.20 OKP 91 9940

Key words: food additives, calcium chloride, calcium chloride, INS 509, E 509, stabilizer, hardener, builder, thickener, functional ingredient, food products, baby food products, healthy food products, functional food products

_________________________________________________________________________

Electronic text of the document
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: Standartinform, 2014

Calcium chloride (Calcium chloride) or calcium chloride is called calcium salt. Calcium chloride in the classification of food additives has the code E509, is included in the group of emulsifiers, is a hardener in food products.

General characteristics of calcium chloride

Calcium chloride is a by-product of production, and the substance is also obtained during the treatment of limestone with hydrochloric acid. Calcium chloride is a transparent or white crystals, odorless and tasteless, highly soluble in water (calorizator). When interacting with air, they blur.

Calcium chloride compensates for the deficiency of a microelement necessary for the process of muscle contraction and the transmission of nerve impulses. The use of calcium chloride is recommended for people with diseases of the cardiovascular system, children and adolescents in the period of active growth, the elderly as a prevention of osteoporosis. The substance is a fairly strong immunostimulant. E509 is recognized as a harmless food additive.

Harm Calcium Chloride

If the daily dose of calcium chloride consumption (it is 350 mg) is exceeded, intestinal irritation occurs up to the appearance of an ulcer.

Application of E509

Calcium chloride is successfully used in the food industry as a hardener and thickener. The substance is part of cheeses, milk powder, cottage cheese, jelly and marmalade, canned vegetables and fruits. E509 is used in the processing of fresh meat to increase the weight of the product and its long-term storage.

Use of E509 in Russia

On the territory of the Russian Federation, it is allowed to use E509 Calcium Chloride as a food additive and an ingredient in certain medicines in accordance with the SanPina regulations of the Russian Federation.

Calcium chloride is a dietary supplement whose benefits far outweigh the potential health risks. She received the status of safe after a series of studies, and today the emulsifier and stabilizer under the code E509 is officially approved and approved for use in many industries, including food.

Description of the substance

Calcium chloride, or additive E509, has the form of crystals that can be completely colorless or somewhat whitish. Its chemical and physical characteristics will be as follows:

• we will well dissolve in water and ethyl alcohol;
• hygroscopic properties are high;
• the melting of the substance occurs at a temperature of 772°C;
• the boiling point is 1935°C.

Chemical formula - CaCl 2.

Application

The use of calcium chloride in Russia is regulated. In the countries of the European Union, this additive was also recognized as safe and officially approved for use in the manufacture of medicines and some products.

food industry

Calcium chloride food can be found on the labels of food products such as:

• cheeses;
• powdered milk;
• cottage cheese;
• cream;
• condensed milk;
• marmalade;
• jelly;
• canned vegetables;
• canned fruits;
• caviar;
• vegetable and fruit juices;
• chocolate;
• dry mashed potatoes;
• beer.

On a note! The list of products that include calcium chloride is quite large, but most often it is added to dairy and sour-milk products, such as cottage cheese, cheeses, cream, both dry and drinking, as well as pasteurized milk!

The purpose of the additive E509 may be different.

1. In the manufacture of milk powder, it acts as a thickening agent, since calcium ions contribute to the binding of proteins. In dairy products, it compensates for the percentage of calcium. This substance contributes to the normal duration of milk coagulation during its pasteurization, and also significantly improves the quality of the clot.
2. Calcium chloride solution is added to cream before pasteurization, as it helps to reduce their acidity, which is necessary for further processing them into butter. After this procedure, the milk is removed and acidified. The collected casein is separated and used for other purposes.
3. When preserving vegetables and fruits, this component prevents their softening. It also helps to bring the product to the desired taste, making it salty to the required degree.
4. In the production of chocolate, a substance under the index E509 is added to prevent its hardening.
5. In brewing, it is used to make up for the lack of water, as well as to normalize the acidity of the mash.
6. This component can act as a stabilizer, for example, in the manufacture of marmalade.
7. Why is calcium chloride added to cottage cheese? In this case, it contributes to better coagulability of milk.

Other industries

Such a food emulsifier as calcium chloride is able to benefit the human body and, in this regard, it is quite intensively used not only in the food industry, but also in the pharmaceutical industry. It is included in the composition of medicines, the action of which is aimed at preventing bleeding and antiallergic drugs.

In addition, the additive under the code E509 is used:

• in the production of rubber and products from it;
• in the role of a reagent in the conduct of research analyses;
• in the manufacture of glue;
• in order to obtain lactic acid;
• in the production of goods from rubber and latex;
• at automobile gas filling compressor stations;
• in the manufacture of metallic calcium;
• during the preparation of gas for its further transportation;
• as a substance that contributes to the dedusting of gravel routes;
• in the refrigeration business.

Benefits for the body

The beneficial properties of calcium chloride have been proven, which are very important for maintaining certain functions in our body. These include:

• replenishment of calcium deficiency, which helps to restore the transmission of nerve impulses and plays a significant role in the normal contraction of muscle tissue;
• has a positive effect on the work of the myocardium;
• helps in the formation of bone tissue;
• normalizes blood clotting;
• prevents the development of inflammatory diseases;
• has the ability to increase the body's resistance to various infections.

Important! However, despite the large number of positive qualities, calcium chloride can only be beneficial if it is used correctly. The daily dose of this substance should not be more than 350 mg!

All materials on the site are presented for informational purposes only. Before using any means, consultation with a doctor is MANDATORY!

General characteristics and receipt

Calcium chloride - transparent white crystals. It is a by-product of soda production or limestone finishing. Calcium chloride is soluble in alcohol and water. Freezes in extreme cold.

The food additive E509 affects the protein by binding it. It is widely used in the production of lactic acid products, since they consist practically of protein. Calcium chloride is also able to regulate the amount of hardness salts in water, to influence the level of oxidation of products.

Impact on the human body: benefits and harms

Calcium chloride is safe for the human body at a daily rate of up to 350 mg.

If more food additive E509 enters the body than it should be, irritation of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract or even a stomach ulcer may occur.

Calcium chloride is indispensable for calcium deficiency in the body, allergies and malfunctions of the central nervous system (CNS) and heart muscle.

Usage and application

Calcium chloride is added as a hardener to lactic acid products, jelly-like desserts, and preservation. Calcium chloride is also used in medicine and other industries, where it serves as an accompanying substance of chemical compounds.

It is necessary to know the normalized content of this additive in food products that contain it (Table 1).

Table 1 - The content of food additive E509 in products according to SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03 dated 05/26/2008

Legislation

The laws of Ukraine and the Russian Federation allow the use of calcium chloride in the production of food products.

Annex 3. Hygienic regulations for the use of food additives:

• 3.1. Food products that regulate the use of food additives used "according to TI";
• 3.2. Hygienic regulations for the use of acids, bases and salts;
• 3.16. Hygienic regulations for the use of filler carriers and filler solvents.

Universal calcium chloride was also useful in the food industry. It is added to meat for softening and quick freezing, to protein products, soft drinks.

Calcium chloride (food additive E509) is colorless crystals (in some cases whitish), which are readily soluble in alcohol and water and freeze at low temperatures.

Calcium chloride is obtained during the production of soda, where it is formed as a by-product, or when limestone is treated with soda. The chemical formula of calcium chloride is CaCl 2 .

Calcium chloride has been registered as a dietary supplement and is now actively incorporated into food products. According to the E509 classification, it belongs to the group of emulsifiers and is most often used in the food industry as a hardener. Basically, this additive is actively used in the production of cottage cheese, cheese and milk powder. In the latter case, it serves to thicken the product, since calcium ions perfectly bind proteins, and also to increase its final amount. Sometimes lime water (a concentrated solution of calcium hydroxide) is also added to the cream in the process of separating it from whole milk: this helps to reduce its acidity before pasteurization and processing into butter. The skimmed milk is then acidified separately, separating out the casein, which then serves other purposes. In addition, the food additive E509 can be found in marmalade and jelly, as well as canned fruits and vegetables. In the latter case, it keeps the product firm and also makes it taste more salty. Calcium chloride is also used in the production of caviar and vegetable and fruit juices. The additive compensates for the level of calcium in dairy products (milk loses a certain part of the calcium during pasteurization). In some cases, calcium chloride is also added to confectionery products, such as chocolate, and actively resists hardening of the product. In rare cases, E509 is used in brewing, where it serves to eliminate the shortcomings of the water used to make beer.

In Russia, the use of such an additive is strictly regulated. It is considered safe in the European Union and can be used as an ingredient in some foods and medicines. The daily intake of calcium chloride should not exceed 350 mg. Otherwise, the supplement can cause intestinal irritation, and in some cases even lead to ulcers.

Other applications:

• in the chemical industry (as a reagent in analyses);
• in the manufacture of rubber;
• in the manufacture of products from latex and natural rubber;
• in the production of glue;
• in medicine (to obtain lactic acid);
• in the production of metallic calcium;
• in CNG stations;
• in the refrigeration business;
• in gas production - in the preparation of gas transportation;
• in the road sector (as an anti-icing agent and an anti-dusting agent for gravel roads);
• in the manufacture of certain drugs.